The next lepton to be observed was the muon, discovered by Carl D. The first charged lepton, the electron, was theorized in the mid-19th century by several scientists and was discovered in 1897 by J. It is not currently known whether this is the case. According to certain theories, neutrinos may be their own antiparticle. Unlike quarks, however, leptons are not subject to the strong interaction, but they are subject to the other three fundamental interactions: gravitation, the weak interaction, and to electromagnetism, of which the latter is proportional to charge, and is thus zero for the electrically neutral neutrinos.įor every lepton flavor, there is a corresponding type of antiparticle, known as an antilepton, that differs from the lepton only in that some of its properties have equal magnitude but opposite sign. Leptons have various intrinsic properties, including electric charge, spin, and mass. Thus electrons are stable and the most common charged lepton in the universe, whereas muons and taus can only be produced in high energy collisions (such as those involving cosmic rays and those carried out in particle accelerators). The heavier muons and taus will rapidly change into electrons and neutrinos through a process of particle decay: the transformation from a higher mass state to a lower mass state. Electrons have the least mass of all the charged leptons. Μ) and the third are the tauonic leptons, comprising the tau ( The first-generation leptons, also called electronic leptons, comprise the electron (Į) the second are the muonic leptons, comprising the muon ( There are six types of leptons, known as flavours, grouped in three generations. The best known of all leptons is the electron.
Charged leptons can combine with other particles to form various composite particles such as atoms and positronium, while neutrinos rarely interact with anything, and are consequently rarely observed. Two main classes of leptons exist: charged leptons (also known as the electron-like leptons or muons), and neutral leptons (better known as neutrinos). In particle physics, a lepton is an elementary particle of half-integer spin ( spin 1⁄ 2) that does not undergo strong interactions. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols. This article contains special characters.
The field names can be omitted as they will be queried in a full-text search. Note that the DOI strings need to be enclosed in quotation marks. year:2015 AND collaborations:LHCf AND reactions:"P P -> N X"įind a record by the Inspire record number, journal DOI, or HEPData DOI.All papers from year 2015 from the collaboration LHCf with the reaction P P -> N X.Find all data where there is an author from Fermilab.collaborations:"D0" OR collaborations:"ATLAS".Find all data from the collaborations D0 OR ATLAS.
Treated as an operator (otherwise they will be used as a search term). Note that AND and OR need to be uppercase in order to be title:"neutron energy" AND cmenergies:7000.0.Find all data with neutron energy in the title AND the CM energy of 7000 GeV.The results are expressed as 95% confidence-level limits on the parameters of the signal models considered. No significant excess above the Standard Model predictions is found. Measurements of $ZZ$ production in the $\ell^$.
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